Sometimes, for some people there are daily activities that record them in a special note. These notes can also be called journals, have you ever kept a journal? However, not a few also do not know what is meant by a journal. In addition, in the academic world there are also several types of journals.
So, for those of you who don’t know more about journals and want to know the types of journals, there’s no need to worry. On this occasion, we will discuss more about journals, so keep reading this article until it’s finished, Gramedsi.
Definition of Journal
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A journal is a record that is made regularly and systematically about activities, events or thoughts that occur. Journals can be used for various purposes, including to record daily activities, to record thoughts or ideas that arise, or to record results of research or observations.
In the academic world, a journal is a scientific publication that contains the results of research or studies that have been carried out by a researcher or group of researchers. Academic journals are usually published periodically and are intended to disseminate quality research results to the scientific community. Academic journals usually have a rigorous revision process prior to publication, which is carried out by editors and reviewers who are experts in the field.
Academic journals can be grouped based on the field of study studied, such as computer science, nursing, or economics. Each field of science has journals which are the main references in that field, and publication in these journals is highly valued because it is a sign that the research results are considered important and useful by the scientific community.
Apart from academic journals, there are also other journals that can be used to record activities, such as business journals, personal journals, and daily journals. Business journals are usually used to record finances and transactions that occur in a company, while personal journals are usually used to record thoughts or feelings of a person personally. A daily journal is typically used to record a person’s daily activities, including the activities, thoughts, and feelings that occur during the day.
A journal is a useful tool for recording and storing information in an orderly and systematic manner. Journals can be used for a variety of purposes, including keeping daily records, recording research results or observations, or as a tool for writing and developing ideas. Journals are also scientific publications that contain certain research results.
Journal Functions in the Academic Field
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After learning about the meaning of journals in general and academic journals, then in the following discussion we will discuss the function of journals in the academic field. There are several main functions of journals in the academic world, including:
1. As a medium for disseminating research results
Journals help scientists and researchers to disseminate their research results to the wider scientific community. This allows other scientists to study the results of the research and develop new ideas related to it.
2. As a trusted source of information
Journals are a trusted source of information because every article published has gone through a rigorous revision process by editors and reviewers. This ensures that any writing published in the journal is the result of high quality and trustworthy research.
3. As an evaluation tool for scientists
Journals help scientists and researchers evaluate their research results by comparing them with the results of research conducted by other scientists in the same field. This allows scientists to evaluate the progress that has been made in a field of study and broaden their knowledge of the topic.
4. As a reference source for scientists
Journals are an important reference source for scientists and researchers in developing new ideas and broadening their knowledge of a field of study. Scientists can use journals as a trusted source of information for researching topics they wish to cover.
5. As a communication tool for scientists
Journals help scientists and researchers to communicate and interact with other scientists in the same field. This allows scientists to get feedback on the results of their research and discuss related topics with other scientists.
Types of journals in the academic world
There are several types of journals that are often used in academic and research fields, including:
1. Scientific Journal (Scientific Journal)
A scientific journal is a journal that contains research results that have gone through a revision process by reviewers who are experts in their fields. Scientific journals are usually published by research institutions or universities, and have a high level of trust in the field of science being researched.
2. Non-Scientific Journal (Non-Scientific Journal)
A non-scientific journal is a journal that does not meet the requirements of a scientific journal, such as not going through a revision process by reviewers who are experts in their field, or not meeting established research standards. Non-scientific journals usually do not have a high level of trust in the field of science being studied.
3. International Journal (International Journal)
International journals are journals published outside the researcher’s country of origin and can be read by researchers around the world. International journals usually have a high level of trust because they have gone through a rigorous revision process by reviewers who are experts in their fields.
4. National Journal (National Journal)
National journals are journals published in the researcher’s country of origin and can only be read by researchers in that country. National journals usually have a lower level of trust than international journals because they do not go through the same rigorous revision process.
5. Accredited Journal
An accredited journal is a journal that has received an accreditation certificate from an authorized institution, such as the Educational Quality Assurance Institute (LPMP) or the Scientific Journal Certification Institute (LSJI). Accredited journals usually have a high level of trust because they have gone through a rigorous evaluation process related to the quality of published research.
6. Online Journal (Online Journal)
Online journals are journals that are only available in digital version and can be accessed online. Online journals usually have lower publication costs than print journals, and can be accessed through digital media.
Types of Journals Based on Scientific Fields
Meanwhile, the types of journals can also be divided based on scientific fields. There are several types of journals in the academic world, including:
1. Scientific journal
A scientific journal is a journal that contains the results of research that has been carried out by scientists or researchers. Scientific journals generally have a focus on a particular field of study, such as biology, physics, or social issues, and are published regularly, such as monthly or quarterly.
2. Engineering journal
Engineering journal is a journal that contains scientific writings related to technology and its applications. Engineering journals generally have a focus on fields such as mechanical, electronic, or computer engineering.
3. Social journal
Social journals are journals that contain scientific writing related to social sciences, such as anthropology, sociology, or politics. Social journals generally have a focus on topics such as society, culture, or social interaction.
4. Medical journal
Medical journals are journals that contain scientific writings related to medicine and health. Medical journals generally have a focus on areas such as internal medicine, surgery, or pharmacy.
5. Law journal
A legal journal is a journal that contains scientific writings related to law and the legal system. Law journals generally have a focus on areas such as civil law, criminal law, or international law.
6. Art journal
An art journal is a journal that contains scientific writing related to art, such as painting, music or dance. Art journals generally have a focus on areas such as fine arts, performing arts, or media arts.
General Types of Journals
A journal is a document used to record daily activities or activities that occur in a certain period. There are several types of journals that can be recognized, including:
1. General journal
A journal used to record all financial transactions that occur in a company or organization.
2. Journal of purchases
The journal used to record purchases of goods or services by companies.
3. Sales journal
The journal used to record sales transactions of goods or services carried out by the company.
4. Cash journal
Journal used to record cash transactions that occur in a company, such as cash receipts, cash disbursements, and so on.
5. Inventory journal
Journal used to record changes that occur in company inventory, such as new inventory purchases, inventory sales, and so on.
6. Entry journal
Journal used to record income that occurs in a company, such as sales, dividends, and others.
7. Journal expenses
A journal used to record expenses that occur in a company, such as operational costs, marketing costs, and so on.
8. Business travel journal
A journal used to record official travel activities carried out by employees of a company or organization.
9. Daily journal
A journal used to record a person’s daily activities, such as activities, thoughts, and emotions felt during the day.
10. Scientific journal
A journal used to record the results of research or scientific studies carried out by a person or group.
Guidelines for Writing Scientific Journals
Guidelines for writing journals in Indonesia usually refer to guidelines set by scientific institutions or scientific associations related to the field of science that is used as a journal topic. The following are some things that need to be considered in journal writing in Indonesia:
1. Journal structure
Each journal usually has the same structure, which consists of sections such as title, abstract, keywords, introduction, literature review, methods, results, discussion, conclusions, and bibliography.
2. Abstract writing
Abstract is a summary of the contents of the journal that must be written briefly and clearly. Abstract usually consists of several parts, namely background, objectives, methods, results, and conclusions.
3. Use of punctuation marks
The use of punctuation must be correct and in accordance with Enhanced Indonesian Spelling (EYD).
4. Writing a bibliography
The bibliography must be prepared according to predetermined standards, such as the APA (American Psychological Association) or Harvard.
5. Use of collection
The use of quotations must be correct and in accordance with predetermined standards.
6. Title writing
The title must be clear and accurately describe the contents of the journal.
7. Use of illustrations
The use of illustrations such as pictures, tables and diagrams must be in accordance with the contents of the journal and must have clear explanations.
8. Word writing
Word writing must be correct and in accordance with the EYD.
9. Use of language
The use of language must be in accordance with good and correct Indonesian language standards.
Those are some things that need to be considered in journal writing in Indonesia. In addition, there are several scientific institutions or scientific associations that set their own guidelines for writing journals in specific fields of science. So, it is important to pay attention to the guidelines set by the relevant scientific institution or association.
Conclusion
A journal is a record that is made regularly and systematically about activities, events or thoughts that occur. Journals can be used for various purposes, including to record daily activities, to record thoughts or ideas that arise, or to record results of research or observations.
Academic journals usually focus on the results of research that has been carried out by the authors, and usually contain detailed descriptions of the methodology used in the research, the results obtained, and the conclusions drawn from these results. Academic journals also usually include an abstract that describes the contents of the article briefly and clearly, as well as a bibliography that lists the sources used in writing the article.
Academic journals are usually published periodically, for example monthly or quarterly, and each issue usually consists of several articles written by different authors. Articles published in academic journals usually have gone through a review process by experts in the appropriate field, which aims to ensure that the article meets high scientific standards and is a useful contribution to knowledge in that field.
Well, Grameds, our article about the meaning of journals has been completed, after knowing what journals are both in general and academic journals which are the result of a research, structure, types of journals and journal writing guidelines, is Grameds interested in knowing more about journals? ?